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目的：确定维西糯山药与其他山药种质的亲缘关系，构建专属于维西糯山药的DNA指纹图谱和QR编码，为保护维西糯山药特色品种提供科学依据。方法：采用SSR分子标记的方法，对40份山药种质DNA样品进行扩增，分析其遗传多样性特征。利用NTSYS2.0e、Excel等软件构建维西糯山药种质资源的DNA指纹图谱及QR编码。结果：在候选的23对SSR引物中最终选定了6对扩增稳定的SSR引物。维西糯山药遗传多样性明显，其中康普乡种植的维西糯山药的变异尤为明显。聚类分析的结果表明，当相似系数为0.28时，可将40份山药种质资源分为三大类。结论：保和镇及白济汛乡地区所产维西糯山药被认定为主要优质栽培品种，该研究以此为依据构建维西糯山药DNA指纹图谱和QR编码，为维西糯山药种质资源鉴定和优良品种选育提供了理论依据和技术支持。
Abstract：Objective: To determine the genetic relationship between Dioscorea opposita from Weixi Lisu Autonomous County and other germplasms, to construct the DNA fingerprint map and QR code of Dioscorea opposita from Weixi Lisu Autonomous County, so as to provide a scientific basis for protecting the characteristic varieties of Dioscorea opposita from Weixi Lisu Autonomous County.Methods: By using the SSR molecular marker method, the DNA samples of 40 Dioscorea opposita germplasms were amplified to analyze the genetic diversity characteristics.The DNA fingerprint map and QR code of the germplasm resources of Dioscorea opposita from Weixi Lisu Autonomous County were constructed by using software such as NTSYS2.0e and Excel.Results: Among the 23 pairs of candidate SSR primers, 6 pairs of amplitation-stable SSR primers were finally selected.The genetic diversity of Dioscorea opposita from Weixi Lisu Autonomous County was obvious.Among them, the variation of the Dioscorea opposita from Weixi Lisu Autonomous County grown in Kangpu Township was particularly prominent.The results of cluster analysis showed that when the similarity coefficient was 0.28,40 Dioscorea opposita germplasm resources could be classified into three major categories.Conclusion: The Dioscorea opposita from Weixi Lisu Autonomous County in Baohe Town and Baijixun Township has been recognized as a major high-quality cultivated variety.Based on this, this study constructs the DNA fingerprint map and QR code of Dioscorea opposita from Weixi Lisu Autonomous County, laying a theoretical basis and technical support for the identification of Dioscorea opposita from Weixi Lisu Autonomous County germplasm resources and the breeding of superior varieties.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13863/j.issn1001-4454.2025.09.009
中图分类号:S567.239
引用信息:
[1]施健忠,白兴荣,杜彩艳,等.维西糯山药遗传多样性分析及指纹编码构建[J].中药材,2025,48(09):2189-2193.DOI:10.13863/j.issn1001-4454.2025.09.009.
基金信息:
维西县乡村振兴涉农项目(ZD20210147); 云南省科技创新强省计划项目(2014AE014); 云南省科技厅“三区”科技人才支持计划项目(2023)