中药材

目的：研究野生中华大蟾蜍的种群年龄结构及体重变化规律，为野生中华大蟾蜍的种质资源保护和合理利用奠定基础，为中华大蟾蜍人工养殖年限提供理论参考。方法：建立了一种批量制作中华大蟾蜍趾骨石蜡切片技术，对江苏徐州沛县地区627只野生雄性中华大蟾蜍进行年龄鉴定及体重统计分析。结果：徐州沛县野生雄性中华大蟾蜍的年龄分布为1～9龄，体重范围为13～165 g。该种群3龄以下雄性中华大蟾蜍数量占比达75.12%。在2～9龄年龄段，每个年龄组中60～80 g体重组的中华大蟾蜍数量占比均为最多。在2～5龄年龄段中，不同体重组的中华大蟾蜍在每个年龄组中均有分布。另外中华大蟾蜍2龄较1龄的平均体重上涨47.15%,而2龄以后平均体重随着年龄的变化无明显差异。结论：徐州地区野生中华大蟾蜍种群年龄结构为增长型；野生雄性中华大蟾蜍体重的快速增长期是0～2龄，2～7龄体重增长不明显。

Objective: To study the age structure and weight changes of wild Bufo bufo gargarizans population, so as to lay a foundation for the protection and rational utilization of wild Bufo bufo gargarizans germplasm resources and provide theoretical reference for the age of artificial breeding.Methods: A paraffin wax technique was developed for mass production of phalanx of Bufo bufo gargarizans.627 wild male Bufo bufo gargarizans in Peixian county, Xuzhou, Jiangsu province were identified for age and weight analysis.Results: The age distribution of wild males Bufo bufo gargarizans in Peixian county, Xuzhou was 1 to 9 years, and the weight ranged from 13 to 165 g.The number of male Bufo bufo gargarizans under 3 years of age accounted for 75.12% in this population.In the 2 to 9 age group, the number of Bufo bufo gargarizans in the 60 to 80 g weight group was the highest in each age group.From 2 to 5 years of age, different weight groups of Bufo bufo gargarizans were distributed in each age group.In addition, the average body weight of Bufo bufo gargarizans at the second age increased by 47.15% compared with that at the first age, but there was no significant difference in the average body weight after the second age.Conclusion: The age structure of the wild Bufo bufo gargarizans population in Xuzhou area is increasing.The rapid weight growth period of wild male Bufo bufo gargarizans is 0 to 2 years old, and the weight growth is not obvious from 2 to 7 years old.